What are magnetic regions?
Magnetic materials such as permanent magnets are divided into individual microscopic regions. The magnetic domain structure of a material is responsible for its magnetic properties, as exhibited by metallic elements and alloys such as permanent magnets.
Each domain is a region with a uniform direction of magnetization, although different domains can have different directions of magnetization. During the manufacturing process of magnetic materials, electromagnets align the domains so that they deliver the greatest magnetic energy and give the finished material its anisotropy.